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Git Diff and Git Stash ​

Git Diff ​

The git diff is an informative command that shows the differences between two commits. It is used to compare the changes made in one commit with the changes made in another commit. Git considers the changed versions of the same file as two different files. Then it gives names to these two files and shows the differences between them.

How to Read the Diff ​

  • a -> file A and b -> file B
  • ---- indicates the file A
  • +++ indicates the file B
  • @@ indicates the line number

Here the file A and file B are the same file but different versions. Git will show you the changes made in the file A and file B. It will also show you the line number where the change occurred along with a little preview of the change.

Comparing Working Directory and Staging Area ​

bash
git diff

This command shows the unstaged changes in your working directory compared to the staging area. This command alone will not show you the changes made in the file A and file B, you need to provide options to show the changes.

Comparing Staging Area with Repository ​

bash
git diff --staged

This command shows the changes between your last commit and the staging area (i.e., changes that are staged and ready to be committed).

Comparing between branches ​

bash
git diff <branch-name-one> <branch-name-two>

This command compares the difference between two branches. For example:

Another way to compare the difference between two branches is to use the following command:

bash
git diff branch-name-one..branch-name-two

Comparing Specific Commits: ​

bash
git diff <commit-hash-one> <commit-hash-two>

This command compares the difference between two commits.



Git Stash ​

Stash is a way to save your changes in a temporary location. It is useful when you want to make changes to a file but don’t want to commit them yet. You can then come back to the file later and apply the changes.

Conflicting changes will not allow you to switch branches without committing the changes. Another alternative is to use the git stash command to save your changes in a temporary location.

bash
git stash

This command saves your changes in a temporary location. It is like a stack of changes that you can access later.

Naming the stash ​

You can also name the stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash save "work in progress on X feature"

View the stash list ​

You can view the list of stashes by using the following command:

bash
git stash list

Apply the stash ​

You can apply the stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash apply

Apply the specific stash ​

You can apply the specific stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash apply stash@{0}

Here stash@{0} is the name of the stash. You can use the git stash list command to get the name of the stash.

Applying and dropping the stash ​

You can apply and drop the stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash pop

This command applies the stash and drops it from the stash list.

Drop the stash ​

You can drop the stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash drop

Applying stash to a specific branch ​

You can apply the stash to a specific branch by using the following command:

bash
git stash apply stash@{0} <branch-name>

Clearing the stash ​

You can clear the stash by using the following command:

bash
git stash clear



Git Tags ​

Tags are a way to mark a specific point in your repository. They are useful when you want to remember a specific version of your code or when you want to refer to a specific commit. Tags are like sticky notes that you can attach to your commits.

Creating a tag ​

You can create a tag using the following command:

bash
git tag <tag-name>

This command creates a new tag with the specified name. The tag will be attached to the current commit.

Create an annotated tag ​

You can create an annotated tag using the following command:

bash
git tag -a <tag-name> -m "Release 1.0"

This command creates an annotated tag with the specified name and message. The tag will be attached to the current commit.

List all tags ​

You can list all tags using the following command:

bash
git tag

This command lists all the tags in your repository.

Tagging a specific commit ​

You can tag a specific commit using the following command:

bash
git tag <tag-name> <commit-hash>

Push tags to remote repository ​

You can push tags to a remote repository using the following command:

bash
git push origin <tag-name>

Delete a tag ​

You can delete a tag using the following command:

bash
git tag -d <tag-name>

Delete tag on remote repository ​

You can delete a tag on a remote repository using the following command:

bash
git push origin :<tag-name>